A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD Shallallaahu' 'Alayhi Wasallam

The Prophet Muhammad 

Shalallaahu 'Alayhi Wasallam

   The prophet Muhammad Shallallaahu' 'Alayhi Wasallam,  was an Arab religious, social, political leader, and the founder of Islam. He was prophet for moslems, sent to present and confirm the monotheistic teaching preached previously by Adam, David, Mosez, Jesus, and other prophet. He is viewed as the final prophet of god in all the main branches of Islam, though some modern denominations diverge from this beliefs. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Moslem polity, with the Quran as well as he teachings and practice forming the basis of Islamic religious belief.

   The prophet Muhammad Shallallaahu 'Alayhi Wasallam was born in Mecca, approximately at 570 CE (Year of The Elephant), from the couple of Abdullah bin Abdul Muththalib and Aminah binti Wahab. Muhammad Shallallaahu' Alayhi Wasallam was orphaned, at the age of six. He was raised under the love and care of his grandfather Abdul Muththalib, and upon his dead, by Abu Thalib, his uncle.  In later years he would periodically seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer. When he was 40, Muhammad reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave, and receiving his first revelation from God. Three years later, in 610, Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "submission" (islam) to God is the right way of life (diin), and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to the other prophets in Islam.

   

The followers of Muhammad were initially few in number, and experienced hostility from Meccan polytheists. He sent some of his followers to Abyssinia in 615 to shield them from prosecution, before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina (then known as Yathrib) in 622. This event, the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, also known as the Hijri Calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina. In December 629, after eight years of intermittent fighting with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca. The conquest went largely uncontested and Muhammad seized the city with little bloodshed. In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam. Besides the Quran, Muhammad Shallallaahu 'Alayhi Wasallam teachings and practices (sunnah), found in the hadiths and sira (biography) literature are also upheld and used as a sources of Islamic law (sharia).